Gen 49:10 The sceptre shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh come; and unto him shall the gathering of the people be.
Judah prophesied that the throne would be given to Judah and would remain with him until the coming of Shiloh. Ancient Jewish sources believed that Shiloh was the Messiah.
John Gill commentary on Genesis 49:10
until Shiloh come; which all the three Targums interpret of the Messiah, as do many of the Jewish writers, ancient and modern (p); and is the name of the Messiah in their Talmud (q), and in other writings (r); and well agrees with him, coming from a root which signifies to be “quiet”, “peaceable”, and “prosperous”; as he was of a quiet and peaceable disposition, came to make peace between God and men, and made it by the blood of his cross, and gives spiritual peace to all his followers, and brings them at length to everlasting peace and happiness; having prospered and succeeded in the great work of their redemption and salvation he undertook:
(p) Zohar in Gen. fol. 32. 4. & in Exod. fol. 4. 1. & in Numb. fol. 101. 2. Bereshit Rabba, fol. 98. sect. 85. 3. Jarchi & Baal Hatturim, in loc. Nachmanidis Disputat. cum Paulo, p. 53. Abarbinel. Mashmiah Jesbuah, fol. 10. 1. R. Abraham Seba, Tzeror Hammor, fol. 36. 4. & 62. 2. (q) T. Bab. Sanhedrin, fol. 98. 2. (r) Echa Rabbati, fol. 50. 2.
“Kings and rulers shall not cease from the house of Judah…until King Messiah comes.” [Targum Pseudo-Jonathan]
“Rabbi Johanan said, ‘The world was created for the sake of the Messiah, what is this Messiah’s name?’ The school of Rabbi Shila said, ‘his name is Shiloh, for it is written, until Shiloh comes. (Genesis 49:10)’” [Babylonian Talmud, Sanhedrin 98b]
Targum Onkelos states: “He who excerciseth dominion shall not pass away from the house of Jehuda, nor the saphra from his children’s children until the Messiah come.”
Additionally, the Targum Jerusalem declares that, “Kings shall not cease from the house of Jehuda… until the time that the King Meshiha shall come… How beauteous is the King Meshiha who is to arise from the house of Jehuda.”
Finally, the Targum Palestine indicates: “Kings shall not cease, nor rulers from the house of Judah … nor sapherim teaching the Law from his seed, till the time that the King the Messiah shall come, who will arise from Jehuda.”
In fact one of the names of Messiah is Shiloh, a name derived from this very passage: R. Johannan asked what was the name of the Messiah; they of the school of R. Schilo answered, “His name is Shiloh, according to that which is written, ‘until Shiloh come.’” (Sanhedrin 98b)
שילה ‘Shiloh’ comes from the root word שלו ‘shelo’ which means peace and tranquilness. This peace would come through the Prince of Peace.
Isa 9:6 For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace.
Joh 14:27 Peace I leave with you, my peace I give unto you: not as the world giveth, give I unto you. Let not your heart be troubled, neither let it be afraid.
Joh 16:33 These things I have spoken unto you, that in me ye might have peace. In the world ye shall have tribulation: but be of good cheer; I have overcome the world.
Rom 5:1 Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ:
Eph 2:14 For he is our peace, who hath made both one, and hath broken down the middle wall of partition between us;
Col 1:20 And, having made peace through the blood of his cross, by him to reconcile all things unto himself; by him, I say, whether they be things in earth, or things in heaven.
Luk 1:78 Through the tender mercy of our God; whereby the dayspring from on high hath visited us,
Luk 1:79 To give light to them that sit in darkness and in the shadow of death, to guide our feet into the way of peace.
Php 4:6 Be careful for nothing; but in every thing by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known unto God.
Php 4:7 And the peace of God, which passeth all understanding, shall keep your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus.
The Prince of Peace is the ruler of Israel, and the world
Isa 9:6 For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace.
Isa 9:7 Of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end, upon the throne of David, and upon his kingdom, to order it, and to establish it with judgment and with justice from henceforth even for ever. The zeal of the LORD of hosts will perform this.
Scripture declares this was fulfilled in Jesus of Nazareth
Rev 19:16 And he hath on his vesture and on his thigh a name written, KING OF KINGS, AND LORD OF LORDS.
Mat 11:27 All things are delivered unto me of my Father: and no man knoweth the Son, but the Father; neither knoweth any man the Father, save the Son, and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal him.
Because all things are delivered unto Him, He gives us rest or “Shiloh”.
Mat 11:28 Come unto me, all ye that labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.
Mat 11:29 Take my yoke upon you, and learn of me; for I am meek and lowly in heart: and ye shall find rest unto your souls.
Mat 11:30 For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light.
Mat 28:18 And Jesus came and spake unto them, saying, All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth.
Php 2:9 Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him, and given him a name which is above every name:
Php 2:10 That at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of things in heaven, and things in earth, and things under the earth;
Php 2:11 And that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.
1Co 15:25 For he must reign, till he hath put all enemies under his feet.
Eph 1:20 Which he wrought in Christ, when he raised him from the dead, and set him at his own right hand in the heavenly places,
Eph 1:21 Far above all principality, and power, and might, and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this world, but also in that which is to come:
Eph 1:22 And hath put all things under his feet, and gave him to be the head over all things to the church,
Eph 1:23 Which is his body, the fulness of him that filleth all in all.
For more on the subject of the Messiah see:
Jesus is Messiah YHWH
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